Methodology

Ipsos Ukraine surveyed 1,750 randomly selected Ukrainian adults residing in the unoccupied territory of Ukraine between 6 June and 30 July 2024. The survey was carried out over the telephone, using random digit dialling methodology. It did not cover territories under Russian occupation at the time of data collection, including Crimea and parts of the Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk, and Zaporizhzhia regions, thus excluding areas giving a home to nearly 20% of the pre-war population. While the estimates based on this sample facilitate our understanding of the war’s effects on the Ukrainian people, we acknowledge the risk of bias, which, apart from the geographic limitations, is also due to the temporary absence of the refugee population currently living outside of Ukraine. Since the full-scale invasion in February 2022, all research cited in this paper has been carried out by Ipsos Ukraine using a similar methodology on each occasion. The January 2023 survey wave included 2,000 respondents, and since then 1,750 respondents
were interviewed per wave. The 2019 results were obtained through the Kyiv International Institute of Sociology’s nationally representative telephone omnibus survey, with 2,021 respondents (at that time Crimea and occupied parts of Luhansk and Donetsk were not covered) (Small Arms Survey, 2019). The detailed World Values Survey methodology can be seen in Inglehart et al. (2014), but the survey interviewed a representative sample of 1,500 Ukrainians in 2011, covering the whole country within its internationally
recognized borders.

It is important to exercise caution regarding the credibility of survey respondents’ reports, particularly about firearms possession and safety practices. Some individuals may feel uncomfortable discussing these issues openly, resulting in potential under-reporting. Additionally, there may be over-reporting of safety practices due to a social desirability bias.